Sterilization of manicure instruments. Stages cold, sanpin, in the closet, oven

Manicure and pedicure are procedures after which the smallest particles of the client's biomaterial settle on the instruments. They can consist of microorganisms, fungi, viruses, spores, harmful bacteria. For this reason, you should adhere to the requirements of SanPiN - a list of standards for the sterilization of the accessories used.

Types and processing technology

Clause 2.1.2.2631-10 of SanPiN establishes requirements for sterilization of manicure devices. According to this document, the following methods are effective.

The table shows the comparative time of the procedure:

The most effective is a ball sterilizer, since when heated to a specified temperature, all known pathogenic microorganisms die.

Dry oven or dry oven

In this case, dry air acts as a sterilizing agent, which has high penetrating properties for almost all types of materials. The cost of this equipment is from 3,000 rubles.

Application:

1. Accessories treated by mechanical cleaning or chemical means must be put into kraft bags equipped with special indicators with a color signal.
2. Place them in a dry oven. If there are no kraft bags, the fixtures are laid out with tongs.
3. Start the sterilization process.

In addition to manicure hand tools, attachments for hardware manicure are also allowed to be subjected to this type of treatment.

Sterilization of manicure instruments in this way has a drawback - long-term processing, which takes from 40 minutes. up to 2 hours. That is, even at the stage of recruiting clientele, a spare kit must be available. Otherwise, the client will have to wait for the end of sterilization, and due to lack of time, not everyone will agree to this.

The advantages of the device:

• the entire surface of the devices is processed;
• the dry oven supports several temperature settings: from 160 to 260 ° С;
• dry and hot air in the cabinet eliminates the likelihood of metal corrosion, erosion of the glass surface, thus extending the operating life of the equipment.

Not all types of metal can be processed in a dry heat cabinet, but only those made of cobalt alloys or Japanese steel. Parchment, paper, some types of fabric are not suitable for these purposes.

In addition, it is forbidden to use rubber, plastic and other materials that cannot withstand temperature exposure. Before starting processing, be sure to make sure that the items are heat-resistant.

Oven (oven)

A conventional oven can also be used as an instrument sterilizer.

Application:

1. Before carrying out the procedure, the devices must be cleaned and dried thoroughly.
2. Place the instruments in a preheated oven, the temperature should be 220 ° C.
3. After the allotted time, they must be removed and left to cool completely.

Under no circumstances should the accessories be immersed in cold water to cool. They can become dull or cracked. Only accessories made of metal are suitable for sterilization in this way.

It is prohibited to place cardboard, plastic files, tongs with rubber or wooden handles in the oven. After heat treatment, the metal must not be immersed in cold water.

Autoclave or steam sterilizer

Sterilization of manicure instruments is carried out by means of hot steam, it is supplied under a pressure of 2 atmospheres. Such devices are more often used in salons than for home manicure.

Cost - from 5,000 rubles.

Application:

1. The tool must be placed in 1 layer, having previously cleaned and dried.
2. Distilled water must be poured into the autoclave for vaporization.
3. Start the sterilization program.

The main advantage of this method is the high processing efficiency of the accessories.

Glasperlen or ball sterilizer

The device is a metal container in a plastic case with small quartz glass balls inside. The heating elements of the sterilizer, after energizing, heat the balls to a temperature of 240 ° C. Cost - from 700 rubles.

Application:

1. Plug in the device and pour balls into it.
2. Place previously washed and dried instruments.
3. Start the processing timer.
4. Take out the accessories, rinse them additionally in a disinfectant solution.

Before handling the fixtures, it is important to make sure that they are completely dry, otherwise rust will form on them from the remaining water. Every 3-6 months (depending on the frequency of use), the balls must be changed, since the quality of heat transfer deteriorates in them, and the temperature during processing does not rise to 250 ° C.

The advantages of the device:

• compact and easy to use;
• heats up quickly to the desired temperature;
• it has the shortest sterilization time;
• long service life;
• medium price category;
• saves energy.

Disadvantages:

• only the working part of the devices is sterilized. If the handles are not made of metal, they remain untreated because quartz will harm them;
• as a result of the fact that the working surface sinks into quartz, and it is an abrasive, accessories become dull faster and need frequent sharpening;
• only devices made of heat-resistant material can be processed;
• quartz balls require regular replacement.

Ultrasound

The operation of the device is that ultrasonic waves are generated in a container filled with a solution. As a result, the pressure builds up, forming a mass of bubbles that create a cavitation effect. From this impact, bacteria, fungus, dirt are removed even from inaccessible places, so the processing is of high quality.

Ultrasound can be used to sterilize not only metal but also glass, plastic and ceramic devices. Equipment cost - from 3,000 rubles.

Application:

1. Immerse sterilization instruments in the tray.
2. Pour disinfectant solution into two thirds of the volume of the device. The liquid temperature should not be lower than 18 ° С and not higher than 40 ° С.
3. Connect the device to the mains and set the processing time on the timer.
4. Start the sterilization process by pressing the button.
5. After the set time has elapsed, the device switches off automatically and the accessories can be used.

Advantages of ultrasonic sterilizers:

• this type of sterilization is more effective than processing in solutions.It gets rid of most bacteria and dirt almost completely;
• suitable for disinfecting instruments made not only of metal, but also of glass, plastic, ceramics;
• as a result of ultrasonic sterilization, the devices do not fail, do not become blunt;
• even heavily soiled accessories are sterilized in just 10 minutes;
• unlike hot processing, there is no risk of burn injury;
• accessories can not only be disinfected but also stored until reused.

The disadvantage of an ultrasonic sterilizer is that this type of treatment does not destroy all types of pathogens.

UV sterilizer

The device treats the surface of tools by irradiation with ultraviolet rays, is effective against rust. There are several types of UV sterilizers - one- or two-chamber, with vertical and horizontal insertion of accessories.

Cost - from 1,000 rubles.

The advantages of the sterilizer:

• UV lamps are easy to replace;
• you can process materials that cannot be sterilized by other methods, while ultraviolet light does not affect their performance.

Disadvantages of a UV sterilizer:

• long-term processing, which requires at least 40 minutes;
• the device disinfects rather than sterilizes the devices;
• mostly used for storing accessories after processing.

Chemical treatment

Very often, special solutions are used to disinfect instruments. The work is carried out under sterile conditions using disinfected dishes, rags and sponges for cleaning accessories. After that, the fixtures are stored in accordance with established standards.

After sterilization, the accessories can be used no later than 3 days, otherwise processing is repeated. Sterilizing manicure instruments with a chemical solution is not practical, which is why this method is rarely used. After processing is completed, the instruments are packed in specially designed bags. They are of several types.

Kraft bags

Kraft bags are intended for one-time sterilization of manicure accessories with steam or air and their further storage. There is an indicator on the package indicating the quality of the processing. The color of the indicator will change depending on the selected mode and processing method.

Craft bags are made of special paper of high density, it excludes the penetration of moisture inside, the formation of condensation and ensures the sterile safety of the instrument. Processed accessories can be stored in an airtight kraft bag for 20-50 days, remaining sterile.

Before starting a manicure or pedicure, the packaging is printed in the presence of the client, he can verify the quality of the processing by the indicator marker. After properly sterilized, it turns brown.

Sealed bags

This type of bag is intended for ethylene oxide and steam treatment. The material is characterized by easy permeability of the sterilizing agent. When sealed, the bags remain impermeable to all types of microorganisms, maintaining the sterilization mode of the accessories. No additional equipment is required for hermetic sealing.

The sterility of the instrument lasts up to 20 days.

Thermal sealed paper bags

Heat sealable paper bags are suitable for air, steam and ethylene oxide sterilization. On the outside of the package, indicators are applied to distinguish processed from non-sterilized instruments. The hermetically sealed bag maintains the sterilization regime for up to 30 days.

What is processed

Sterilization of manicure instruments is carried out using solutions that can be freely purchased at the pharmacy.Their cost is up to 1,000 rubles. for 1 liter.

Alaminol

This instrument disinfectant kills most bacteria and viruses. In manicure, 8% concentrate is used.

"Sterillium"

It is used to sterilize manicure and sometimes medical devices. The main advantage is the prolonged action of the components of the solution. It destroys such dangerous pathogens as herpes, HIV, hepatitis.

To achieve the best effect, it is necessary to treat hands with the preparation for 30 seconds. This antiseptic reduces the number of bacteria by 100 thousand times.

"Cutasept F"

This drug is widely used in salons. The antiseptic qualitatively disinfects surfaces, and is also used to treat hands and skin injuries. The solution is a colorless liquid that effectively destroys bacteria, fungi, infections, rotaviruses, hepatitis, viruses.

"Neosteril colorless"

It is used for quick disinfection of accessories, equipment and work surfaces, does not require rinsing. It is an alcohol-based, quick-drying, broad-spectrum product - destroys bacteria, germs, fungi and most types of viruses, including AIDS and hepatitis. Can be applied to clients, instantly disappears.

"Desecon" ("Desecon-OM", "Deseffect")

After disinfection, the device must be thoroughly rinsed in clean water. "Desecon" can be used within 30 days after opening the package, "Desecon-OM" and "Deseffect" are used only for two weeks, after which the preparations lose their disinfecting properties.

Main steps

Sterilization of instruments after manicure is carried out in stages:

1. Pre-sterilization processing. First, you need to remove the remnants of biomaterial from the instruments, then rinse the instruments in running water using soap, removing visible dirt. After that, manicure accessories should be placed in a plastic container and chemically treated.
2. Sterilization. The process is carried out using special equipment. Instruments are sterilized strictly dry.
3. Storage. The final stage is additional disinfection and storage. To do this, you will need an ultraviolet light sterilizer equipped with a box for processed devices. It can accommodate tongs, brushes, files, buffs. When sterilizing using bags, it is important to keep them sealed. Before the cosmetic procedure, the package is opened in full view of the client, the instruments are additionally wiped with alcohol or antiseptic.

How often to process

Depending on what material the devices for performing manicure are made of, they are conventionally divided into 2 types. Therefore, before proceeding with disinfection and sterilization, it is necessary to determine which type each individual instrument belongs to. Based on this, follow-up actions are taken.

Tools are:

1. Porous Are disposable or reusable instruments that need cleaning. The list includes accessories made of wood and fabric: nail files, sponges, cotton swabs, orange tree pushers, buffs, napkins. Most of the listed list must be thrown away after the first use. Remaining instruments approved for reuse (files, buffs) are not subject to disinfection. Their surface begins to deteriorate during processing.
2. Not porous - easy-care tools designed for repeated use. They are metal, glass, plastic or fiberglass accessories: nail tongs and scissors, pushers, cutters. These instruments require sterilization after each use.

Other items used during manicure and not in contact with the skin, such as gels, shellacs, acrylics, varnishes, primers, are harmful to harmful microorganisms, therefore they do not need to be sterilized before the procedure.

Under no circumstances should you neglect the sterilization of instruments. It doesn't matter whether a person does a manicure for himself at home or is a professional master. There is always a risk of infection or skin inflammation after contact with dirty hands or tools.

Video about the methods and rules for sterilizing manicure instruments

Sterilization and disinfection of instruments:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q00StvMiAGA

How to properly sterilize manicure tools: